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English Church Architecture.

 

HEPWORTH, Holy Trinity  (SE 163 070),

KIRKLEES. 

(Bedrock:  Carboniferous Namurian Series, Rough Rock from the Millstone Grit Group.)

 

A modest pseudo-cruciform church designed late in life by Thomas Healey.

 

 

 

One of the subjects examined by this web-site is the near-complete oeuvre of a little-known but regionally dominant, mid-nineteenth century architectural firm specialising in ecclesiastical work, in order to discover how they built their local reputation, how they maintained a financially competitive edge and sustained a very busy practice with few or no staff, and what 'success' looked like in terms of monetary reward and the provincial architect's acquired position in Victorian society.  The firm chosen is the partnership between James Mallinson and Thomas Healey (fl. 1845-62/3), who worked out of offices in Halifax and Bradford.  The majority of the extant church buildings for which the partners were responsible are listed below and should ideally be examined in chronological order.  They are:

  1.  Queensbury, Holy Trinity (Bradford)  (1843)  (Mallinson alone) 19. East Keswick, St. Mary Magdalene (Leeds) (1856)
  2.  Wyke, St. Mary (Bradford)  (1844)  (Mallinson alone) 20. Claremount, St. Thomas (Calderdale) (1857)
  3.  Clayton, St. John the Baptist (Bradford) (1846) 21. Clifton, St. John (Calderdale) (1857)
  4.  Baildon, St. John the Baptist (Bradford) (1846) 22. Salterhebble, All Saints (Calderdale) (1857)
  5.  Manningham, St. Paul (Bradford) (1846) 23. Thornaby-on-Tees, St. Paul (Stockton-on-Tees) (1857)
  6.  Mytholmroyd, St. Michael (Calderdale) (1847) 24. Thornhill Lees, Holy Innocents (Wakefield) (1858)
  7. Bankfoot, St. Matthew (Bradford) (1848) 25. Bugthorpe, St. Andrew (East Riding) (1858) (nave only)
  8. Shelf, St. Michael & All Angels (Bradford) (1848) 26. Bowling, St. Stephen (Bradford) (1859)
  9. South Ossett, Christ Church (Wakefield) (1850) 27. Girlington, St. Phillip (Bradford) (1859)
10. Barkisland, Christ Church (Calderdale) (1851) 28. Lower Dunsforth, St. Mary (North Yorkshire) (1859)
11. Boroughbridge, St. James (North Yorkshire) (1851) 29. Welburn, St. John (North Yorkshire) (1859)
12. Langcliffe, St. John the Evangelist (North Yorkshire) (1851) 30. Ilkley, All Saints (Bradford) (1860) (chancel only)
13. Cundall, St. Mary & All Saints (North Yorkshire) (1852) 31. Horton, All Saints (Bradford) (1862)
14. Heptonstall, St. Thomas the Apostle (Calderdale) (1853) 32. Hepworth, Holy Trinity (Kirklees) (1862)
15. Mount Pellon, Christ Church (Calderdale) (1854) 33. Dewsbury, St. Mark (Wakefield) (1862)
16. Thorner, St. Peter (Leeds) (1854) (partial reconstruction) 34. Heaton, St. Barnabas (Bradford) (1863) (Mallinson with T.H. Healey) 
17. Withernwick, St. Alban (East Riding) (1854) (reconstruction) 35. Tockwith,  Church of the Epiphany (North Yorkshire) (1863) (as above)
18. Mappleton, All Saints (East Riding) (1855) (not the tower)  

 

 

 

 

 

 

This was one of the last buildings designed by Thomas Healey:  the foundation stone was laid on 25th April 1862 and Healey died on the 7th November that year, eight months before the building was finished.  Since it was Healey's usual practice to produce only the overall plans and elevations of his buildings before building commenced and to draw out the details as and when they were needed (partly, it would seem, in order to juggle his workload, and partly to avoid spending time on anything the client might want to change later), we can probably assume that some of the finer points here were left either of his partner, James Mallinson, who only rarely involved himself in work of an ecclesiastical nature, or to one of Healey's sons, Thomas Henry and Francis, who went on to practice under the style of T.H. and F. Healey about a year later.

 

 

In the words of The Huddersfield Chronicle, reporting on the church's consecration on 18th July, 1863 (p. 8):

 

The church... is a neat building in the early decorated style of architecture, romantically situated on the low side of the village and surrounded by enclosed and well laid out grounds... The building consists of a nave, chancel, and north and south transepts, with vestry on the south [replaced in 1899] and tower on the north-east side of the chancel, the tower being surmounted by a spire and weather vane.  [See the photograph, above left, taken from the northeast.]  The interior is spacious and comfortable.  The roofs are open and stained and the pews are also open, the free sittings being made to correspond with those which are allotted.  The reading desk and pulpit, as well as the other woodwork of the interior, is of stained oak, and the chancel is laid with Minton's encaustic tiles [as illustrated above right]. 

 

There are no crossing arches to the nave or transepts;  the chancel arch is double-flat-chamfered with the inner order rising from corbels.

 

 

Several qualifications or additions must be added.  The sense of space has now been lost due to the transverse subdivision of the nave into three distinct areas, although the sense of comfort has probably correspondingly increased.  The open roofs are interesting:  the nave roof is scissor-braced but what is really notable is the convoluted way in which the junction has been managed above the crossing.  Some of the wooden furniture is probably also original, of which the pulpit is easily the most attractive example (as shown below right).  The original cost of the church was recorded as £2,550, and that figure can probably be assumed to have included the furniture since that would have been regarded as an indispensable expense.  The building stone came from the nearby Town Quarry at Dean Wood, which enables it to be identified with precision as the so-called Rough Rock from the Carboniferous Millstone Grit.